Some Background and History of Fertilizer

Fertilizer is any organic or inorganic material of natural that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. Fertilizer can improve plants’ growth and yield.

Fertilizer is first used in soil by ancient farmers. When the chemicals that plants need when growing are discovered, fertilizer technology is developed significantly. Then the start use of modern science of plant nutrition dates to the 19th century.

Modern synthetic fertilizers are composed mainly of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium compounds with secondary nutrients added. The use of synthetic fertilizers has significantly improved the quality and quantity of the food available today, although their long-term use is debated by environmentalists.

The soil can provide the basic chemicals nutrients for plants growing. But the supply of these components in soil is limited, and after plants are harvested, it dwindles, causing a reduction in the quality and yield of plants. Fertilizers can provide the chemical components that are taken by growing plants to improve the growing potential of soil, and create a better growing environment than natural soil.

Fertilizer can also be compounded and processed to suit the crop growing. Generally speaking, the primary components in fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients are nutrients which are vital for plant growth. Plants use nitrogen in the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and hormones. When plants are nitrogen deficient, they are marked by reduced growth and yellowing of leaves. Plants also need phosphorus, a component of nucleic acids, phospholipide, and several proteins. It is also necessary to provide the energy to drive metabolic chemical reactions. Without enough phosphorus, plant growth is reduced. Potassium is another major substance that plants get from the soil. It is used in protein synthesis and other key plant processes. Yellowing, spots of dead tissue, and weak stems and roots are all indicative of plants that lack enough potassium.

Fertilizer also contains trace elements in small amounts that improve the growth of plants, such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. The micronutrients include iron, chlorine, copper, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, and boron. While they may be present in small amounts, they are also important to plant growth, and without them plants can die.

An effective fertilizer need for the essential nutrients which is provided by many different substances. These compounds can be mined or separated from naturally occurring sources, such as sodium nitrate, seaweed, bones, guano, potash, and phosphate rock. Compounds can also be chemically synthesized from basic raw materials. These would include such things as ammonia, urea, nitric acid, and ammonium phosphate. Since these compounds exist in a number of physical states, fertilizers can be sold as solids, liquids, or slurries.

Attention to Self-propelled Compost Turner

What we promote ground pile heap fermentation factory , this mechanical equipment has the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption, large output . Self-propelled organic manure compost turning machine is the ideal equipment which uses modern technology to change agricultural waste, turned waste and organic solid waste into high quality biological organic fertilizer.

Self-propelled compost turner machine is the host in the production of special organic fertilizer complete sets of equipment. This machine adopts walking round design, can be forward, backward, turn, manipulation of driving by a person. The machine is mounted under the rotation of the knife, which is used for fertilizer raw material folding, fluffy, heaping, and forming new bar piling. It can work in the open fields, greenhouses implementation assignments, can also be used in the workshop. The big breakthrough of this turner is integrating the broken function of the material at a later stage of fermentation. As material dehydration gradually, adding broken knife can effectively broken fertilizer plates formed in the fermentation process, it not only saves a grinder, but greatly improves the grinding efficiency, reduces the cost, can fundamentally solve the problem of the production mill restriction.

The self-propelled compost turner is designed according to the principle of aerobic fermentation, give bacteria fermentation full space, which have different models in size, are divided into A type and B type. A type is suitable for viscous materials, such as cow muck, chicken manure, filter mud, sludge, etc. The price is low, suitable for public opinion and is conducive to the broad masses of farmers actively into saving waste comprehensive environmental management work.

The mechanism and process requirement is more suitable for microbial fermentation savings manure as fertilizer, can effectively put the sticky savings feces and microbial agents, straw powder mixed up. It can create a better aerobic fermentation environment for material. The manure in this state of loose material, 3-5 hours deodorant, a day to heat up, the fermentation temperature is controlled in the 60-70 degrees and lasts 3 to 4 days. The manure becomes to fertilizer after 5 to 7 day, the formed fertilizer contains not less than 30 billion per gram beneficial soil microbial. It not only has faster fermentation speed, but also effectively prevents the fermentation process of harmful odorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, indole, which conforms to the requirements of environmental protection.

Self-propelled compost turner structure is reasonable, good rigidity, force equilibrium, concise and strong, safe and reliable performance, easy handling, strong yard usability, in addition to the rough shape of the frame, the parts are all standard parts, convenient in operation and maintenance. The whole machine dynamic balancing is appropriate, low consumption, high output, can reduce the cost of the biological organic fertilizer live according to the technical parameter measuring machine.

How Much Leaves Should We Add When Composting?

Leaves are one of the most valuable compostable materials for the large amounts of fibrous organic matter they supply. Leaf compost serves primarily as an organic amendment and a soil conditioner. They improve structure of all soil types. They aerate heavy clay soils, prevent sandy soils from drying out too fast, soak up rain and check evaporation. Composting is becoming a main way to deal with leaves instead of burning and sending to a landfill.

The decomposition of leaves takes a quite long time. It could be usually about one or two and even more years. Besides, leaves have a tendency to mat down into a tight mass, create an impenetrable barrier to air and water. Shredding the leaves is usually required to solve these two problems. This will reduce the bulk of the leaves by about two thirds, reduces the tendency of the leaves to mat, and speeds up the decomposition process as more surface area is bared to the decomposer at work.

Besides, mix shredded leaves with a high nitrogen source such as grass clippings will do much help. Most leaves are in the "browns" or high carbon category of the compost pile. This means they contain much less nitrogen, while nitrogen is the one factor that starts compost heap heating up. High nitrogen materials, such as fresh grass clippings, old vines or other plant wastes, fruit waste and vegetable peels, etc., can speed up the decomposition process and increase the nitrogen content of the end product, making it more suitable for use as a soil amendment.

However, too much nitrogen can result in the formation of ammonia, creating an odor problem. The rapid decomposition also uses up oxygen, causing an anaerobic condition which greatly reduces the composting rate, and produce unpleasant odors. (you also can use Self-propelled Compost Turner-20 Series)So the high nitrogen component must be carefully controlled. A healthy compost pile should have about two-thirds carbon (brown) materials and one-third nitrogen (green) materials. Take grass clippings as an example, an mix of 2 to 3:1 (leaves: grass clippings) is generally considered the optimum choice. A high-nitrogen fertilizer added to the pile may speed up decomposition.

There are some leaves that should take caution.
1. Poisonous Leaves such as oleander, hemlock and castor bean. They can harm soil life, so add very sparingly.
2. Acid & resin leaves such as eucalyptus, bay and laurel, juniper and cypress and acacia. They are toxic to other plants and soil life. Add sparingly or not at all.
3. Cottonwood, poplar, and ash are pH imbalances that raise the pH in soil, making alkaline soil more alkaline. They should be added sparingly. Rhubarb should be used sparingly because its oxalic acid content lowers soil pH.
4. Plant leaves with rust, fungus, mildew, or seriously infested with insect pests are best to take to the landfill. In theory, the heat from the composting process will kill disease spores, but in practice not all compost piles attain maximum heat potential.

Comparing Compound Versus Organic Fertilizers

Compound fertilizers are classified as either two-element (phosphorus-potassium, nitrogen-phosphorus, and nitrogen-potassium) or three-element (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium). Depending on the method of production, they are considered complex, complex-mixed, or mixed. Compound fertilizers are used for all crops, whereas complex fertilizers are used primarily for industrial crops, such as cotton and sugar beets.

Organic fertilizers are fertilizers derived from animal or vegetable matter. (e.g. compost, manure). Naturally occurring organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, humic acid, and guano. Processed organic fertilizers include compost, blood meal, bone meal, humic acid, amino acids, and seaweed extracts. Other examples are natural enzyme-digested proteins, fish meal, and feather meal. Decomposing crop residue (green manure) from prior years is another source of fertility.

compound fertilizers characteristic
Variations of compound fertilizers are used for nearly all crops. Complex fertilizers, which are produced through chemical interaction, are used primarily for industrial crops such as cotton and sugar beets. These complex fertilizers are a type of compound fertilizer with a chemical reaction being required to complete the production process. Commercially available compounds are typically free-flowing, allowing a uniform dispersion. They are chemically uniform and safe to use. Controlled-release elements are used to avoid burning vegetation. Some products contain herbicides for a controlled feed and weed application. Compound fertilizers are available from Landscaping and agricultural supply stores also carry a full line of compound fertilizer products. compound products convenient, reliable and economic.

Organic fertilizer characteristic
Compost and organic material introduce beneficial microorganisms into the soil’s complex mix.  Microorganisms commonly found in soil and compost convert organic nitrogen into inorganic nitrogen, a process called mineralization. Plants may then take up the nutrients released by this process.  Composts contain an astonishing variety of microbes, many of which may be beneficial in controlling pathogens. Organic matter improves soil structure, resulting in a crumb-like structure that improves water retention, air infiltration and enhances soil fertility.  Microorganisms can also break down contaminants in the soil and water to components that pose less of an environmental hazard.

Cost
Organic fertilizers are much cheaper as compared to chemical fertilizers. One can prepare organic fertilizers on their own by composting or mixing cow, sheep, or poultry manure with other organic matters. On the other hand, organic fertilizer is cost expensive than compound fertilizer when you buy it from market

N P K Ratio
Chemical fertilizers always have a high total N P K (nitrogen:phosphorous:potassium), from 20 to 60 percent or more. The total N P K for organic fertilizer blends will always be low. Fourteen percent is about as high as it gets.

Supply of nutrients
Organic fertilizers is their slow-release capability. Slow-release is less risk of over-fertilization but sometimes this is not able to fulfill to needed supply of the nutrients, whenever required. In contrast to organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizers are always there to provide immediate supply of nutrients to plants if situation demands.

As the forerunner and expert in China fertilizer equipment industry, we have always been your best choice for both traditional agriculture and sustainable agriculture healthy growing. From fertilizer production line to compound fertilizer granulation till BB fertilizer coating and packing,you can completely rely on us to offer the most proper turnkey solutions in need so that assist you produce a myriad of fertilizers equipment for home use and commercial use.

Fertilize The Plants

The Nutrition of The Plants Need
Plants require 17 elements for normal growth. The nutrients that are most likely to limit plant growth are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are found in air and water. Nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorous, and sulfur are absorbed from the soil which this six elements are used in large amounts called macronutrients. There are eight include iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, and chlorine elements that are used in much smaller amounts called micronutrients or trace elements.

Plants Food
Plants use water, carbon dioxide, elements from fertilizer, and energy from the sun to produce their own food. Synthetic (manufactured) and natural (also called organic) fertilizers provide nutrients for plant growth. Fertilizer is not plant food. And correct amount of fertilizer can promote healthy flower production and foliage growth

Corrective Measures
If a plant is not doing well they should fertilize to correct the situation. Fertilization may be helpful but only after the problem causing poor growth has been corrected. Do not assume that an application of fertilizer will quickly remedy any problem which is encountered, in many cases it can make existing problems worse. You should attempt to determine the specific cause in each situation and apply corrective measures. These problem of poor growth may be caused by inadequate soil aeration, moisture, or nutrients; adverse climatic conditions; incorrect pH; or disease.

Excessive Fertilizer
A moderate rate of growth and good, green color is desired for most woody plants.  Excessive fertilizer application can decrease plant health and can lead to decline and death. Over application or incorrect application of fertilizer can contribute to polluting our rivers, streams, lakes, and estuaries. Excess fertilizer can increase the likelihood of some plant diseases. Fertilizing plants that have already outgrown their allotted space can only lead to more pruning.

Soil Test
A soil test provides the best indicator of elements that may need to be added to the soil to prevent nutrient problems.  Ideally, a soil sample should be taken before trees are planted. Additional samples can be taken every 3 to 5 years thereafter to determine whether any nutrients are lacking.

Combination Use Fertilize
Both organic (naturally occurring) and inorganic (synthetic) fertilizers can be used to supply trees nutrients. Inorganic fertilizer is usually highly soluble and is more rapidly available to trees than organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer takes time to break down and release nutrients more slowly. Organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer may be combined so that nutrients are available to trees rapidly and for an extended period of time. Some inorganic fertilizers are coated with various products to slow down the release of nutrients. These are called slow release fertilizers and are used to extend the length of time nutrients are available to trees.

For latest information and news of fertilizer and fertilizer equipment, you can visit our fertilizer machinery which can supply many kinds of fertilizer production lines to produce top quality and nutrient-rich fertilizers.

Turn Compost Pile Regularly to Make it

Composting mimics and intensifies nature’s recycling plan. Compost is a type of long manurial effect bio-organic fertilizer. It mainly consists of various plant residue and human or animal manure , any of these materials would eventually decompose. But when a variety of materials are mixed together and kept moist and aerated, the process accelerates. it's also an extremely satisfying way to help the environment. To make good quality and nutritious bio-organic fertilizer, the very composting tool --compost turner is necessary.

Five important components to work effectively
Nitrogen (Green ingredients also wetter materials ): supply your pile with nitrogen which grow and reproduce organisms to oxidize the carbon. These additions are often green and wet:Fruit and vegetable trimmings, herbicide-free grass clippings . Every pile needs the green ingredients, Too much green stuff can lead to a rotting pile instead of a composting pile.

Carbon: (Brown ingredients also dry materials ): supply your pile with carbon for energy (heat).  These items are often brown and drier--fall leaves, branches, hedge clippings, straw, pine needles ,hay and other dead plants material . The carbon is very necessary but again, too much has its consequences.  If you have a pile with mostly prunings from your hedge and other woody stuff, the pile can take years to break down.

Oxygen, for oxidizing the carbon, facilitating the decomposition process. Done by regularly turning the mixture. If your compost becomes starved of oxygen, then it starts to produce greenhouse gases - so it's important to get air into your compost heap, for example turning it regularly by compost turner.

Water: mixture should be moist, but not soaking wet to maintain activity without causing anaerobic conditions. Bad odors are a sign that the heap is too wet or contains excessive green material. Turn it  to mix in air by compost turner, and add more dry material. Maggots are the larvae of various flies; many are beneficial insects. Ants are a sign that the material is too dry. Add water.

Temperature: The temperature of the compost pile is very important and is an indication of the microbial activity of the decomposition process. track the temperature inside the heap is use the  thermograph. If it is warm or hot, everything is decomposing as it should, but if it is the same temperature as the surrounding air, the microbial activity has slowed down and you need to add more materials that are high in nitrogen to the heap.

Make sure your material is cut into a small particle size as smaller particles break down more rapidly best chose fertilizer crusher

Use the compost turner turn the compost regularly
Turn your pile regularly, once every week or two. Mixing the pile in this way helps to keep air flowing inside the pile, which encourages aerobic decomposition. Anaerobic decomposition will smell very stinky (generally sour, like vinegar) and they decompose materials more slowly than aerobic bacteria. Turning the pile helps to encourage the growth of the right kind of bacteria and makes for a nice, sweet-smelling pile that will decompose faster.

To make good quality and nutritious bio-organic fertilizer, this is necessary compost turner integrates blending and crushing for bio-organics decomposing. It accelerates fermentation speed and prevents generation of poisonous and smelly gas such as sulfuretted hydrogen, amine gas, etc. Therefore, compost turner is in favor of environment and improves fertilizer efficiency. Whirlston Machinery can offer you various kinds of compost turners which enjoy great popularity for their unique advantages to meet your different requirements.

The Benefits of Use Compost

What is the compost
Compost is a versatile product resulting from composting - the biodegradation of organic waste, industrially, commercially or domestically produced. The basic use is conditioning and fertilizing soil by the addition of humus, nutrients and beneficial soil bacteria, with a wide range of specific applications. also is a way to control household waste. And while minimizing waste is one significant benefit of composting

Using compost as mulch, in the soil or as potting media is beneficial in many ways. Compost contains a full spectrum of essential plant nutrients often absent in synthetic fertilizers, releases nutrients slowly—over months or years, unlike synthetic fertilizers, enriched soil retains fertilizers better.

1. Improve soil structure
Soil structure refers to the way inorganic particles, such as sand, silt and clay, combine with decayed organic particles, like humus and compost. Soil with a healthy structure is crumbly to the touch, allowing plenty of room for air, water and energy to move freely.

Compost helps bind clusters of soil particles, called aggregates, which provide good soil structure. Such soil is full of tiny air channels & pores that hold air, moisture and nutrients. it can hold nutrients tight enough to prevent them from washing out, but loosely enough so plants can take them up as needed. makes any soil easier to work,  brings and feeds diverse life in the soil. These bacteria, fungi, insects, worms and more support healthy plant growth.

2. improve crop yields
When organic material is broken down in a compost pile, the decomposition process produces the best fertilizer you’ll ever find, the soil food web. Simply soil food web is a community of organisms that live their lives in the soil, from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi to macroorganisms like earthworms and beetles. all of these organisms are essential to healthy soil and will only improve crop yields.

Compost bacteria break down organics into plant available nutrients. Some bacteria convert nitrogen from the air into a plant available nutrient.  beneficial insects makes  the soil  enrich, and the worms and other organisms that burrow through soil keeping it well aerated. so compost may suppress diseases and harmful pests that could overrun poor lifeless soil.

3. protecting waters
Improving soil structure and boosting nutrient content is about more than producing healthier crops. Fertile soil also has far greater moisture retention

Healthy soil is an important factor in protecting our waters. Compost increases soil’s ability to retain water because it encourages healthy root systems, which decrease runoff, even just have a 5% increase in organic material but have quadruples soils water holding capacity. Compost can reduce or eliminate use of synthetic fertilizers,reduce chemical pesticides since it contains beneficial microorganisms that may protect plants from diseases and pests.

4. Balance the PH
Compost buffers the soil, neutralizing both acid & alkaline soils, bringing pH levels to the optimum range for nutrient availability to plants.
Compost helps sandy soil retain water and nutrients. it loosens tightly bound particles in clay or silt soil so roots can spread, water drain & air penetrate.

5. Ward off  Plant Diseases
Research is showing us that soil treated with compost tends to produce plants with fewer pest problems,Compost helps to control diseases and insects that might otherwise overrun a more sterile soil lacking natural checks against their spread.

If you need compost in the industry, Whirlston Machinery can offer you various kinds of compost turners which enjoy great popularity for their unique advantages to meet your different requirements.